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VRay 实例教程(3)

我来讨论一下vray的vrayshadow,我的认识不够深,有错误的话不要见怪呀。他的其中一个作用就是象FR的frsoftsadows和mr的arealights一样,让普通的聚光灯和泛光灯山鸡变凤凰,变成面光源。当然,是假的面光源,只有面光源的阴影特性没有面光源的光照特性。而vraylight才是真正的面光源,但它衰减的太快了,用来做主光源的话不太实际。纯属个人意见。

全局光的设置之前,先聊聊看似无关的问题:环境问题。
   关于环境问题,现在比较流行的几个全局光渲染器,都支持使用环境贴图做为照明光源。在我看来使用好这个功能是事半功倍的事。我们知道,现实环境中光线是无处不在,而且变化万千。一些微妙的变化就可能影响你的感觉。在三维环境中,即使是使用了全局光,也就是那么些光子和光线被进行了运算。除了全封闭的3 D环境,用好环境贴图做为照明光源,可以让作品呈现令人赞叹不已的效果。这个技巧对巴西、VRAY、FR都适用。
   比如这张国外用户做的室内,它若是封闭了起来,没有背景颜色从顶上大面积地散射,效果肯定要逊色得多:(当然它也只是测试品,缺点也是明显的。)
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  建议大家收集一些球形的环境贴图,越多越好。或者是自己做一些。最好的资源是HDRI图像把它用工具转换一下,成为JPG之类的格式。例如这张我从网上找到的:
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  关于VRAY的3S,从论坛上作者的答复来看,他正在看这方面的资料,现有版本没有支持,他建议可以使用折射选项中的透明雾设置达到。这张图就是这样做的(国外VRAY用户):
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这是最后一题。
  全局渲染,设置就在这个简单的面板里。
  1、非封闭空间,由于没有很多物体做光线的反射,缺省的一次、二次反弹值都是一样的,这样可以弥补空间散失的反射光线。可以出效果,但是觉得这样的效果很平淡。(建议不要这样用。)
  2、非封闭空间,可以利用环境贴图做为补充照明,所以要把二次反弹值减小。(建议这样用)要点是把环境贴图和二次反弹值联合在一起考虑。
  3、封闭空间,环境贴图已经不起作用了,但是物体已经可以形成足够的二次照明,所以如果还是用缺省的值,二次反弹就会太亮,灯光布置足够多的时候,连一次反弹都会太亮。所以我的习惯是灯光亮度、一次反弹、二次反弹的值呈降幂排列比如:1.2\0.8\0.5。

  小技巧:调试过程中可以暂时关掉二次反弹,正式渲染的时候再打开,不建议关掉二次反弹换取速度,会少很多效果的。
  出现黑斑的处理方式:
  1、优化模型,去掉模型的相交,采取平接和稍微离开一点距离的方式。
  2、加大Irradiance里的值。
  小技巧:即使是单色的物体,比如白墙壁,都不要仅给它MAX的基本材质,在DIFFUSE里给它一个白色的贴图图片,可以减少产生黑斑。

问题:最新版vray的光滑算法好像还是不太好呀,我得建模网格密度也不算低了:

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回答:从你的图上看,你所谓的不光滑的地方,恰好体现了VRAY优秀的一面,为什么我用VRAY来测试模型?就是看中了它对不光滑模型的敏感性,据说它是以A lias为榜样的,所以它会最准确地传递模型的转折信息。你图上块面比较明显的地方应该是你做模型时候的框架线吧。加大MESH SMOOTH值可以改善,但是VRAY还是会给你认真地表现出来。(可爱?还是可恶?)呵呵。
   顺便说一句,新的VRay0.10.02020201又发放了,最大的改进是可以支持动态贴图。

这是min rate-3,max rate-3 800*600 43mins,用-3,-2后时间大大加长了(2hours16mins),但nois变得非常明显了,可是会更细腻一些……
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这张图我是用800*600渲染的光照map然后调用到2400*1800来渲的。 min rate-2max rate-1(很恐怖的设置!!! 用了9hours9mins) Hsph25, Interp100,其它默认。暗斑问题已基本解决掉了,就是时间和光照细腻感的事了……
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如果您喜欢我的文章,可以订阅我的 谢谢。
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